Grapevine Plant Named ‘ARD46’

Classification: The present invention relates to a new Vitis vinifera Grapevine.

Variety denomination: The new Grapevine plant has a varietal denomination ‘ARD46’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A breeding program was initiated during the late 1990's near Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California. In 2016, during this breeding program, a new variety of Vitis vinifera was created by deliberate cross breeding of two parent plants by emasculation of the pollen bearing organ of the female and introducing pollen from another male origin. The female parent of the new variety was 103C-57+2 which is a crispy and juicy white seedless variety, with a natural sweet flavor (non-patented in the United States). The male parent (i.e. the pollen parent) of the new variety was 26−6+3, a fertile and crunchy seedless white variety (non-patented in the United States).

TABLE 1

‘ARD46’ compared with parents & closely related variety:

Flame

‘ARD46’ 103C-57+2 26-6+3 Seedless

Berry Meaty Crispy and Crunchy Crisp

texture Juicy

Berry Broad Broad Ovoid Globose

shape Ellipsoid Ellipsoid

Cap Thick/Medium Medium/short Medium/ Thick/Short

stem/brush Medium

The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows: 103C−57+2 X 26−6+3

An artificial pollination was created, and the result was an embryo which possessed unique genetic qualities. The rudiments resulting from the above pollination were embryo rescued.

In 2017 the plant was transplanted to Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California.

It was found that the new grapevine of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:

•

• (a) Forms attractive meaty seedless berries with a red skin coloration; in lax and large clusters which display a Labrusca flavor, • (b) Commonly bears fruit during the month of July-August in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., • (c) Bears fruit that is firm and is well amenable for storage, handling, and shipping, and • (d) Produces 38 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot, at a total of 51 lbs. fruit per vine.

The new variety during observation to date has displayed no visible disease, and has displayed an ability to well resist cold, drought, heat; but sensitive to direct exposure to sun and wind. The fruit of the new variety has been found to display excellent handling and shipping qualities combined with desirable dessert eating qualities.

The new variety of the present invention has been found to undergo asexual propagation beginning in 2018 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature Thompson seedless rootstock (non-patented in the United States). Such asexual propagation has been conducted thereafter in successive years to date and has shown that the characteristics of the new variety are strictly transmissible from one generation to another. Accordingly, the new variety undergoes asexual propagation in a true to type manner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The new variety ‘ARD46’ is a red seedless table grape with a high production, e.g., about 38 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot.

Asexual reproduction by micro propagation of the new variety as performed near Bakersfield, Calif., U.S.A., shows that the forgoing and other distinguishing characteristics come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

The accompanying photographic illustration shows typical six-year-old specimens of the new variety, vegetatively propagated, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. Colors in the photograph may differ from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description below, which accurately describes the colors of the new Grapevine.

FIG. 1 shows leaves, stems, tendrils, and grapes of ‘ARD46’.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The chart used in the identification of colors is The RHS Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3 rd Edition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on Thompson Seedless' rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.

TABLE 2

VINE CHARACTERISTICS:

Vigor Vigorous upright shoots

Productive capacity Bearing at a natural, average

capacity. Spur pruning.

Trunk Strong and developed.

Diameter is 2 inches, at 9.5 inches

above ground.

Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.

Light brown coloring - Greyed orange

177B

• Date of bud burst in Bakersfield Calif.: February 26 th .

TABLE 3

YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

Openness of tip Fully open

Density of prostrate hairs on tip Medium

Anthocyanin coloration of prostrate Red purple 59A

hairs on tip

Density of erect hairs on tip Medium

TABLE 4

YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

Color of upper side of blade Yellow green 152A

Color of lower side of blade Yellow green 152B

Density of erect hairs between main Absent or very sparse

veins on upper side of blade

Density of erect hairs between main Sparse

veins on lower side of blade

Density of prostrate hairs on main Dense

veins on upper side of blade

Density of prostrate hairs on main Medium

veins on lower side of blade

TABLE 5

SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

Attitude (before tying) Semi-erect

Color of dorsal side of internodes Greyed red 178A

Color of ventral side of internodes Yellow green 146D

Color of dorsal side of nodes Greyed red 178B

Color of ventral side of nodes Yellow green 146D

Density of erect hairs on internodes Sparse

Density of prostrate hairs on Sparse

internodes

Length of tendrils 4.3 inches

Diameter of tendrils 0.06 inches

Color of tendrils Yellow green 144B

Number of tendrils at bloom 5

Positioning of first flowering and The first bunch is in the 3rd

fruiting node node

Inflorescence number per flowering 2

shoot

TABLE 6

FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS:

Reproductive organs Fully developed stamens and fully

developed gynoecium

Flower length 0.3 inches

Flower diameter 0.17 inches

Pistil length 0.14 inches

Pistil color Yellow green 144A

Pollen Amount Rich

Pollen color Yellow 11B

Stamen color Yellow green 145C

Stamen length 0.15 inches

Number of stamen 6

• First bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.: April 15 th . • Date of full bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.: April 22 nd .

TABLE 7

MATURE LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:

Size of blade 6 inches × 6 inches

Shape of blade Pentagonal

Base descriptors Pentagonal

Leaf margin Serrate

Leaf apex Acute

Blistering of upper side of blade Absent or very sparse

Depth of upper lateral sinuses Shallow

Number of lobes Five

(Only varieties with lobed leaves) Closed

Arrangement of lobes of upper

lateral sinuses

Arrangement of lobes of petiole Half open

sinus

Length of teeth 0.38 inches

Ratio length/width of teeth Small

Shape of teeth Mixture of both sides straight

and both sides convex

Density of prostrate hairs between Absent or very sparse

main veins on lower side of blade

Density of erect hairs on main veins Absent or very sparse

on lower side of blade

Density of erect hairs between the Absent or very sparse

main veins on upper side of blade

Density of prostrate hairs on main Absent or very sparse

veins on upper side of blade

Length of petiole compared to length Much shorter

of middle vein

Top side color Green 137A

Bottom side color Yellow green 146B

Texture of upper side of blade Rough

Texture of lower side of blade Little Rough

Vein color on upper blade Yellow green 146C

Vein color on lower blade Yellow green 145C

Venation pattern for upper blade Netlike venation

Venation patten for lower blade Netlike venation

Petiole length 2.75 inches

Petiole diameter 0.11 inches

Petiole color Yellow green 152A

Petiole texture Rough

Mature leaf anthocyanin coloration Strong (Red purple 58A)

of main veins upper surface

• Date of beginning of berry ripening in Bakersfield Calif.: July 15 th .

TABLE 8

BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS:

Size (peduncle excluded) Large

Density of berries on bunch Lax

Bunch length 9.5 inches

Bunch diameter 5.5 inches

Length of peduncle of primary bunch 0.75 inches

Diameter of peduncle of primary 0.14 inches

bunch

Peduncle of primary bunch color Yellow green 145B

Peduncle texture Smooth

Bunches per vine 38

Average bunch weight 1.3 lbs

TABLE 9

BERRY CHARACTERISTICS:

Size Medium

Length 1 inch

Weight 0.24 oz

Diameter 0.8 inches

Shape Broad ellipsoid

Color of skin (without bloom) Red 53A

Flesh color Yellow green 145D

Brix 20.1

Titratable acidity percentage 0.25%

Juice 4.1 pH

Ease of detachment from pedicel Moderately easy

Thickness of skin Medium

Anthocyanin coloration of flesh None

Firmness of flesh Moderately firm

Particular flavor Foxy

Formation of seeds None

Berries per bunch 132

Juiciness of Berry Flesh Juicy

TABLE 10

PEDICEL CHARACTERISTICS:

Length 0.35 inches

Diameter 0.09 inches

Color Yellow green 145C

Pedicel texture Rough

TABLE 11

WOODY SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:

Woody shoot texture Rough

Woody shoot color Greyed orange 165A

Woody shoot length 60 inches

Diameter 0.25 inches

Internode length 2.9 inches

• Market use of observed plants: Fresh market.

AGE AND GROWING CONDITIONS

Six years growing under Y system in South Joaquin Valley (hot, dry summers).

SHIPPING CHARACTERISTICS

Fruit was in cold storage. Stored in poly bags inside polystyrene boxes with sulfur pads. After 60 Days: rachises were 80% green; 0% berry shattering; no berry wrinkling or cracks were apparent.

DNA PROFILE

To further the characterize the new variety DNA was extracted from plant samples and a DNA profile was obtained at California Seed & Plant Lab, California USA using base pairs for 10 standard microsatellite DNA markers. The data is presented hereafter.

TABLE 12

DNA profile for ‘ARD46’

Microsatellite DNA Allele Sizes

Marker in Base Pairs

M 1 228 234

M 2 239 239

M 3 185 194

M 4 212 212

M 5 253 257

M 6 123 135

M 7 189 189

M 8 255 255

M 9 214 214

M 10 221 233

The ‘ARD46’ variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotypic expression may vary somewhat with changes in light intensity and duration, cultural practices, and other environmental conditions.

Additional information relating to plant and fruit disease and pest resistance or susceptibility has not been observed to date. Specification of the plant hardiness zone and the heat/cold resistance has not been observed to date.